& | S |
If a command is terminated by & the shell executes it in the background. | |
CTRL-C | S |
Send the running process a TERM signal that usually terminates the process. | |
CTRL-Z | S |
Send the running process a TSTP signal that usually suspends the process. | |
at, atq, atrm | U |
Queue, examine or delete jobs for later execution. To use this facility consult both the man pages and your system administrator. | |
bg [job[s]] | S |
Put suspended jobs[s] or the current suspended job in the background. The syntax for the job[s] argument is %number | |
crontab[-elr] | U |
Edit (-e), list (-l), or remove (-r) crontab files. To use this facility for the first time contact your sysadmin. The format of the file for running commands at regular intervals is minute |
hour |
day |
month |
day_of_week |
command |
(0-59, *) |
(0-23, *) |
(1-31, *) |
(1-12, *) |
(0-6, *) |
| |
fg [job[s]] | S |
Bring specified job[s] or the current job to the foreground. | |
jobs [job[s]] | S |
Display the status of specified or all running and suspended jobs. | |
kill [signal] process_ID[s] | US |
kill [-s signame] process_ID[s] | |
Terminate or signal a process. Send signal or signame to process_ID[s]. By default the TERM signal (15) is sent that usually terminates the process. With kill -l all valid signal names signame can be listed. | |
nohup program [arguments] | U |
Run a command immune to hangups, i.e continues to run after logging out. STDOUT is redirected to nohup.out or /nohup.out | |
nice [-value] program (not csh and tcsh) | U |
nice [+value] program (csh and tcsh only) | S |
Run program with modified scheduling priority. Without value the priority is decreased by 10, allowed values are 1 to 19. | |
pp [string] | A |
Report process status of processes that match string (regular expression). | |
ps [-efl] [pid[s]] | U |
Report process status. For a list of all processes use pp without arguments instead. | |
renice priority [-g gid[s]] [-p pid[s]] [-u user[s]] | U |
Alter priority of running processes. Users can set priority from 0 (normal) to 19 (very nice). Processes are selected by gid pid uid or user name. | |
sched [+]hh:mm command[s] (tcsh and zsh only) | S |
sched [-item] (tcsh and zsh only) | |
Execute command[s] at hh:mm or after +hh:mm hours. With no arguments, prints the list of scheduled commands. With the argument -item, removes the given item from the list. | |
time command | S |
Time a command. CPU times and the real elapsed time are reported. | |
top | P |
Display top CPU processes. Not recommended, as it puts additional load to a machine. For a quick overview of the system load use uptime instead. | |
uptime | U |
Prints current time, how long the system has been running and the average load within the last 1, 5 and 15 minutes. | |